کمر درد: علل, درمان & خطرات

تقریبا همه را تجربه کرده است, حداقل یک بار در طول عمر, برخی از نوع کمر درد. This pain could be acute or short-term which means that it generally lasts from a few days to a few weeks, and it can be chronic- which represent a pain that persists for more than 3 ماه. It is often progressive and the cause can be difficult to determine. Most acute back pain is the result of trauma to the lower back or a disorder such as arthritis.

علائم ممکن است از درد عضله به تیراندازی یا سلاح سرد درد محدوده, انعطاف پذیری محدود است و طیف وسیعی از حرکت, or an inability to stand straight.

People injure their backs in all kinds of ways, and often the pain is a result of a strain rather than a dramatic accident. Pain from trauma may be caused by a sports injury, work around the house or in the garden, or in some accidents such as car accident or other stress on spinal bones and tissues.

Normal anatomy of the back

It is known that the back is a well-designed structure made up of bone, عضلات, nerves and other soft tissues. Starting at the top, the spine has four regions:

the seven cervical or neck vertebrae (labeled C1–C7),
the 12 thoracic or upper back vertebrae (labeled T1–T12),
پنج مهره کمری (برچسب L1 - L5), که ما به عنوان پشت پایین تر می دانیم, و
استخوان خاجی و عظم عصعص, a group of bones fused together at the base of the spine

Small nerves enter and emerge from the spinal cord through spaces between the vertebrae. Because every person relies on back to be the workhorse of the body- its function is essential for nearly every move that person make. Several researches done in the past have came to the conclusion that 4 out of 5 adults have at least one bout of back pain sometime during life. When someone experience pain in these structures, it could be originating from your spine, but also from surrounding muscles and nerves. Damages of some organs in abdomen, such are kidneys, could also produce pain in back region.

در اغلب موارد- some simple home treatment and proper body mechanics will often heal your back within a few weeks and keep it functional for the long haul.

Possible causes of back pain

Everyone is familiar with the fact that lower back bears most of the weight and stress of body. Therefore, it is proven that back pain most often occurs from strained back muscles and ligaments, from improper or heavy lifting, or after a sudden awkward movement. Sometimes a muscle spasm can cause back pain. Experts are saying that there are several specific conditions which can also cause back pain. Some of those are:

Herniated disk

Almost everyone has heard about disc herniation. This occurs when disk material presses on a nerve and it is accompanied with very strong pain because some nerve structures are also involved!

Sciatica

Patient should know that this condition often occurs when a herniated disk impinges on the sciatic nerve causing sharp, shooting pain through the buttocks and back of the leg.

Spinal stenosis

It is proven that this condition occurs when the space around the spinal cord and nerve roots narrows. It can happen due to arthritis and bone overgrowth. This can press or pinch a nerve and also cause very strong pains!

Spondylosis

It is known that spondylosis is a type of arthritis affecting the spine. It is due to the degenerative changes in the spine that often come with aging.

Spondylolisthesis

Although this isn’t some common condition- it is still important to know that this condition occurs when one vertebra in the spinal column slips forward over another.

Cauda equina syndrome

Not too many people have heard about this syndrome. It is important to know that this represents a serious neurological problem causing weakness in the legs, numbness in the groin area, and sometimes- even loss of bowel or bladder control.

Cancer in the spine

It is a fact that any tumor located on the spine can press on a nerve causing back pain. Removing of the tumor will resolve all the symptoms.

Infection of the spine

If the back pain is accompanied with a fever and a tender, warm area – experts are saying that the cause could be an infection.

Injury

Reasonably- every damage to the bones, ligaments, or muscles of the back can cause severe pain.

Osteoporosis

Small fractures to the spine from osteoporosis

Poor alignment of the vertebrae
Other medical conditions like fibromyalgia

Back pain from organs in the pelvis or elsewhere include:

Bladder infection
Kidney stone
Endometriosis
Ovarian cancer
Ovarian cysts
Testicular torsion

Risks for developing back pain

Several researches done in the past have came to the data that a person is at particular risk for low back pain if that person:

Work in construction or another job requiring heavy lifting or whole body vibration
Have bad posture
Are pregnant
Are over age 30
Smoke, don’t exercise, or are overweight
Have arthritis or osteoporosis
Have a low pain threshold
Feel stressed or depressed

Experts are suggesting that for avoiding back strain, children that carry backpacks should bend both knees when lifting heavy packs, visit their locker or desk between classes to lighten loads or replace books.